Category Archives: January 2011

Roosevelt Knew The Value Of A Dime

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin D. Roosevelt

“Brother, can you spare a dime?” That was the buzzword back in depression days of the early 1930s. Today one would have to ask for a dollar or more to get even a cup of coffee. A dime back then would buy enough food to stave off hunger. If you were lucky enough to have a job, you probably wouldn’t have many dimes, but would have been willing to share with someone less fortunate. Such were the times when President Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected to office in 1933. It was a time of sharing and caring…and a time when a dime was a considerable amount of money.

Dimes back then were a bit different than what we use now. They were the same size, but they were made of 90 percent silver, and they had for the design a winged head of Liberty on the front and the Roman fasces the reverse. These are the pieces popularly known as “Mercury dimes” because the head of Liberty looks like that Roman god. Many people still think this was one of the best designed coins of modern times, and it is difficult to argue against that. The artist was Adolph A. Weinman, the man who also designed the Liberty Walking half-dollar of the same period. His monogram initials AW are on the front of the coin, near the back of Liberty’s neck. Mercury dimes were made from 1916 to 1947, and saw us through two World Wars and the great depression.

Mercury Dime

Mercury Dime

Few people of that day realized that their newly elected president was a victim of the dreaded disease poliomyelitis. The fact was well hidden from the public, but it was a handicap that he lived with since 1921, and something that he determined to combat with all his might. He never did win the battle for himself, but his efforts have benefited countless others through the development of Salk vaccine and the near eradication of polio. Also unbeknownst to most people was the numismatic side of how this drama was played out. That connection was the brainchild of the President that was known as the March of Dimes.

March of Dimes poster cir. late 1950s

March of Dimes poster cir. late 1950s

Rich and poor alike made donations to the March of Dimes fund raising effort, and the money was used to develop a vaccine that ended that crippling disease. The millions of dimes that went into the effort were a part of our nation’s history that needed to be remembered, and when the President died in 1945 it was by popular demand that the old Mercury dimes were retired, and Roosevelt’s portrait used on the new issue. Mintage began in 1946 and has continued ever since with only a change in the composition, when clad copper replaced the old silver alloy in 1965.

The Roosevelt dime series is a popular collection because all of the dates and mints can be found with ease. Of course none of the silver pieces are still in circulation, but they usually can be obtained from accumulations of silver coins, or at very modest cost through coin dealers and special promotions.

Posted in January 2011 | Leave a comment

Carrying a “Pocket Piece” Isn’t Cause For Alarm

I don’t know when or where the custom started, but carrying an old coin in one’s pocket for good luck seems to be a very ancient tradition. There is evidence that people as long ago as 1620 carried special coins with them to ward off sickness and disease, witches and other demons. In more recent times it has become popular for many people to carry a significant coin or token for good luck, or in some cases, as a means of identification for members of secret societies.

Coin collectors are especially apt to carry some unusual or interesting coin with them for sentimental reasons. I have noticed this numerous times among acquaintances, and I must confess that I too have carried some kind of a special piece with me ever since I began my interest in coins many years ago. It has not always been the same coin, for on at least two occasions I have inadvertently spent or lost them. But they are always replaced with some other conversation piece.

One coin that I carried for many years was a common ancient Roman bronze. It was on the 4th of July that it must have fallen out of my pocket at a lawn party. A few months later the host called to tell me about the incredible old coin he had found in his back yard. I never did spoil his dreams by telling him where it came from. It was too much fun letting him ponder the improbability of it all.

On another occasion the Spanish silver two-bit piece that I still carry today not only caused a commotion, but also brought me a real bit of good fortune. It was on an airplane flight from Chicago to New York. The plane had been delayed and the attendants were trying to placate passengers through playing games and other pleasantries. I knew it was going to be my lucky day when they announced that they would give a bottle of wine to the person who had the oldest dated coin in their pocket. For effect I waited until several people had shouted out 1960, 1949, 1942 or whatever, and then I called the attendant over and showed her my coin that was clearly dated 1773. She could scarcely believe it and went up and down the aisle showing it to everyone before delivering my prize.

Posted in January 2011 | 1 Comment

Seven Varieties From One Year

1982 Lincoln CentsDoes your set of Lincoln cents contain all seven varieties of the 1982 coins? Probably not. Perhaps you didn’t even know that there were that many different kinds of pennies made that year. There were, but the differences are subtle, and some of the coins are easy to overlook. The good news is that none of them are rare, and you should be able to find all seven varieties without difficulty if you take the time to look for them.

1982 was a year of transition. It was the year when a change was made in the composition of the cent, when it went from something made of nearly all copper to a coin made of nearly all zinc. All U.S. cents made since then are struck on zinc blanks that are barrel-plated with a thin layer of copper.

The seven-piece set of Lincoln pennies dated 1982 make up a nice collection that is of historical importance because it marks a dramatic change in the composition of our nation’s most prevalent coin. The coins will probably never become rare or valuable because billions of them were made in that year. What is important is that this is a challenging set to put together, and one that tells a story of the development and need for change in our monetary system. The change from copper to zinc may also foretell something about the future of this low value coin which is still dangerously close to being unprofitable for the government to produce.

Changing from copper to zinc was an interesting transition that did not happen all at once. The year started out with production of cents made from the traditional copper alloy. Then in mid-year the decision was made to switch to the new composition. Coins were being made at both the Philadelphia and Denver mints, and each facility was to start production of the zinc pieces on a different schedule.

The new metal, however, wasn’t the only change made in 1982. For some reason there are two styles of dates shown on those cents. One is slightly larger than the other. Collectors were quick to realize the difference and to look for all of the possible combinations of large and small dates made of either copper or zinc. When production for the year was done it turned out that there were seven separate and distinct varieties in addition to the S mint Proof coins.

The cost of producing cents is an old problem that started in the mid-1830s when the government could not keep up with production of enough small coins to satisfy the economy. By 1857 it became apparent that a smaller, less costly cent had to be made, and the size was changed to the 3/4 inch version that we use today. During the Civil War a further reduction was made in the thickness and composition of the penny that resulted in the copper and zinc alloy that was used nearly every year until 1982. The exceptions being during World War II when zinc plated steel cents were tried in 1943, and a brass alloy used from 1944 to 1946.

In the early 1970s, a change in the composition of the cent was seriously considered. There were even trial strikes made of a 1974 aluminum cent. The change never happened, but a few of the trial pieces did escape and get into collectors’ hands. The final change to copper plated zinc cents was precipitated by a rise in the price of copper that made the cost of production higher than the face value of the coin.

Posted in January 2011 | Leave a comment

America the Beautiful National Park Quarters – Design Criteria

2011 Pennsylvania Gettysburg Quarter

2011 Pennsylvania Gettysburg Quarter

The America’s Beautiful National Parks Quarter Dollar Series Act of 2008 provided for designs to be submitted in accordance with the design selection and approval process developed by, and in sole discretion of, the Secretary of the Treasury.

The designs on the coins issued during this program are emblematic of one national site in each host jurisdiction (State/District of Columbia/Territory).  The program will honor the national park or other national site in each host jurisdiction deemed most appropriate in terms of natural or historic significance.

Standards from the bill…

  1. Selected sites must be ones that can reasonably be expected to translate into dignified designs of which the citizens of the United States can be proud (for example, must be distinctive and readily recognizable as honoring that site).
  2. Selected sites must be ones that can reasonably be expected to translate into designs that are neither frivolous nor inappropriate.  Inappropriate designs include, but are not limited to, those bearing logos or depictions of specific commercial, private, educational, civic, religious, sports, or other organizations whose membership or ownership is not universal.
  3. Designs must not include any head-and-shoulders portrait or bust of any person, living or dead, nor can designs include a portrait of a living person.  Designs must not include an outline or map of a host jurisdiction.
  4. Designs can be based on the same theme as used in the United States Mint’s 50 State Quarters® Program, or the District of Columbia and U.S. Territories Quarters Program, but cannot be the same design.

The national site quarter-dollars are being issued at a rate of five new designs each year in the order in which the selected sites were first established as a national site. The year 2011 marks the second year of this successful program.  For more information and the latest news visit the US Park Coins.

Posted in January 2011 | Leave a comment

Fascinating Coin Fact

Picture of Salt CrystalsRoman soldiers received part of their pay as an allowance for salt. And they did not object to that. Salt was a very valuable commodity and something that they could trade for just about anything else they wanted. The custom was so prevalent that their pay became known as “salarium” from the Latin word for salt. Our word “salary” is derived from this, as is the phrase “to be worth your salt.”

Posted in January 2011 | 1 Comment